Potential Complications:
Placenta Previa
Compiled by The Cradle Staff
hat is placenta previa?
Placenta previa is a condition that can occur during the second half of pregnancy, where the placenta covers (or is near) the cervix. This happens when the embryo implants itself in the lower part of the uterus and develops in this region, close to the cervical opening.
There are three types of placenta previa:
COMPLETE, where the cervix is completely covered.
PARTIAL, where only a part of the cervix is covered.
MARGINAL, where only the edge of the cervix is covered.
You might have also heard of “low-lying placenta,” which is when the placenta is low, but not as close to the cervix as marginal placenta previa.
What are the dangers of placenta previa?
If you have placenta previa, when you start to dilate prior to delivery, the placenta will pull away from the uterine wall and can cause severe vaginal bleeding. To avoid this, your doctor will likely deliver your baby via C-section before you start to dilate, or might need to deliver your baby early if bleeding occurs and it cannot be stopped. In some cases, massive bleeding can lead to maternal shock, and possibly even death.
How common is it?
Placenta previa affects .5% of pregnant women (about 1 in 200).
Am I at risk?
While there aren’t specific risk factors for placenta previa, it is more likely to occur if:
- You have experienced placenta previa in a previous pregnancy.
- You have had multiple pregnancies.
- You are carrying multiples.
- You are a smoker.
- You are 35 or over.
- You’ve had surgery on your uterus (including a D&C or for the removal of uterine fibroids).
How will I know if I have placenta previa?
Your doctor will probably notice the condition during a routine ultrasound. If it is not detected in the doctor’s office, you should alert your doctor if you notice recurring, painless bleeding during the second or third trimester, and/or premature contractions.
Is there treatment for placenta previa?
Although there’s no way to "fix" placenta previa, you and your baby can be treated. Treatments range from bed rest to blood transfusions to emergency C-sections. Your doctor will probably also suggest that you refrain from sex, some forms of exercise, postpone any travel plans, and avoid pelvic exams.
This article was compiled using information from the following websites:
Mayo Clinic
Pregnancy Info
Web MD
